It is well known that people spend at least 80 per cent of their time in indoor spaces throughout the day. The built environment provides people with the convenience of living, working and resting, and at the same time, it also subconsciously influences people’s behavior, movement and body posture. For fat loss and sports related buildings, there is no better place to live than in professional type arenas and halls, such as sports fields, swimming pools, various ball fields, gymnasiums, etc. This type of building usually requires people to free up space in the building. These types of buildings often require people to make time and space for exercise; and sometimes, because of this, they are located far away, which to some extent “hinders” people’s motivation and persistence to exercise. Therefore, to better facilitate and normalize exercise, it is necessary to focus on conventional buildings, with an emphasis on relevant design and support.
Obesity and its impact on health
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, which has a certain impact on health, and is defined as an excess of total body fat content and/or an increase in local content and abnormal distribution. From a medical point of view, obesity refers to a certain degree of obvious overweight and excessive fat layer, which is a state caused by excessive accumulation of body fat, especially triglycerides. It does not refer to mere weight gain, but rather a state of excessive accumulation of fatty tissue in the body.
Overweight and obesity affect the outward appearance of the body, and can also cause joint and soft tissue damage that can lead to inconvenience. However, there are serious health consequences of overweight and obesity that need to be addressed and appreciated.
– Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
– Obesity affects the function of the digestive system
– Obesity affects the function of the endocrine system
– Obesity increases the risk of cancer
Sport-centered architectural design
Design strategies that focus on movement in conventional types of buildings (e.g., residential, office, etc.) can be divided into active and passive strategies. For active strategies, the focus is on providing hardware and amenities, such as activity spaces and movement-related facilities on the site; for passive strategies, the focus is on design concepts and detailed elements that increase movement opportunities. The following is a description of the architectural design and measures related to the different strategies that focus on movement, starting from the different spaces related to architecture.
off-site construction site
For conventional types of buildings, residential and community buildings often have large outdoor areas and environments that are conducive to movement through active strategies.
- Aerobic trails
Aerobic trail is for people walking, running and other sports activities on the special road, this road can also be roller skating, bicycle riding and other sports activities. In general, the design should be based on its own conditions and characteristics, planning a smooth and coherent trail path, reasonable arrangement of supporting facilities along the way.
If possible, set up a separate aerobic trail, which should not be combined with or occupy sidewalks and other sports grounds. The width of the trail should be not less than 1 m, which is the minimum width for two parallel streams of people. The slope of the walkway should not exceed 15°. A width of at least 1 m should remain on the sidewalk in addition to the walkway to allow for the convenience of ordinary pedestrian traffic. The fitness trail should be substantially continuous, allowing no more than two carriageways across the site, subject to clear pedestrian signage to ensure the smooth and safe flow of the trail.
In terms of flooring materials, elastic vibration damping, anti-skid and environmentally friendly materials should be used, such as plastic, colored ceramic granules and so on. If plastic materials are used, non-toxic and harmless, anti-aging and anti-ultraviolet products should be selected, the trail and the surrounding ground should have a clear distinction between the color and material of the road surface.
At the same time, health knowledge signs can be set up on both sides of the trails, and self-monitoring methods and fitness guidelines can be set up for different groups to spread health knowledge.
Around the trail, related fitness facilities can be set up, such as leg presses and other stretching equipment and other warm-up facilities, rest seats, shade trees and artistic sculptures can be installed to enrich the landscape along the way. Consider water replenishment in the course of exercise, fixed water facilities can be set up, such as drinking water stations, drinking fountains, beverage vending machines. At the same time, for people who like to run at night, night running lighting design can be carried out beside or in combination with trails to ensure no glare and safe running at night.
- Fitness sports area
The outdoor sports area should be relatively independent and the area should be well accessible and should not be less than 20 m². The exercise area can be used to place fitness equipment or for other types of fitness activities, such as gymnastics. The location of the outdoor sports area should avoid noise disturbance and appropriate sound insulation measures should be set according to the type of sports.
The fitness facilities provided in the outdoor exercise area take into account the type (usually divided into two categories, aerobic and anaerobic) and number of facilities, and provide different equipment options for people with different needs. Exercise facilities selected in the venue are qualified products with relevant product quality and safety certification marks, and are equipped with instructions for use, with obvious signage guidance, so that users can use correctly. At the same time, the facilities need regular maintenance to ensure good operation and safe use.
Near the outdoor exercise area – there are drinking water facilities within 80m radius of the venue – drinking water facilities need to be set up so that exercise personnel can hydrate at any time. Drinking water facilities can be centralized drinking water system water supply, can also be decentralized drinking water facilities, such as drinking water table, drinking fountains, beverage vending machines, etc.. At the same time, rest seats, etc., are provided in outdoor sports areas to facilitate intermittent rest for sports personnel. In addition, considering the demand for night sports, lighting will be set up around the sports area to reduce the glare and provide lighting safety and personnel movement safety guarantee for night sports.
- Ball sports field
If space permits, there may be a ball game complex, i.e., the activities at the site meet the needs of small ball games (one game with multiple uses). A basketball or tennis court will be provided in the community. The size of the field and the configuration of component parts can be designed according to state requirements. Depending on the environment of the site, the design will take into account the long hours of sunlight in the summer, and shading systems will be installed in the site according to the corresponding needs. In order to reduce the noise impact on the surrounding area, we adopt the measure of sinking protective net or plant enclosure. At the same time, rest seats will be set next to the site; and night lighting will be equipped to provide anti-glare and high quality light environment for the sports activities on the site at night.
- Outdoor Swimming Pool
An outdoor swimming pool can be located in a location where the outdoor climate is suitable and site conditions permit. In terms of location, it is recommended that the pool be located in the center of the community, easily accessible to the residents; it can also be combined with a community clubhouse (for indoor pools) to facilitate later property management. The water depth and quality of the pool should meet the relevant national standards. For southern settlements, shade measures are required, taking into account the hours of sunlight. Trees on the site need to be of the evergreen type to avoid pollution caused by foliage. The roof of the basement should consider the pool foundation waterproofing and pressure, to avoid the pool is located on the different settlement roof. At the same time, you need to configure the changing area, rest areas and other supporting facilities.
