Related software companies have developed a large number of auxiliary design programs for contemporary BIM technology, each with its own characteristics, and for sports building design, the design software needs to be chosen by considering the project’s own characteristics. The use of BIM software is not only a means of drawing, but can also help designers think about architectural design methods from a new perspective.
Don’t you feel that the construction of these sports fields is amazing? If you are interested in the construction of sports fields, please check out our other section: Sports Arena Construction
BIM overview
BIM technology can’t be developed without the cooperation of software companies, and several of the major companies involved in BIM software development today are Autodesk, Gehry Technology, Bentley, and Vectorworks, all of which are constantly updating their software tools to make them more applicable to the full lifecycle design of buildings.
Architectural design suites like Autodesk’s integrate a variety of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and CAD tools that enable efficient design, visualization, and simulation. The Autodesk BIM industry’s premier BIM company, so most BIM tools are aligned with its software, but for complex, odd-shaped buildings such as sports buildings, data exchange with related form design software is needed. Design, which can help design firms build complex parametric information components and break down a large construction project into multiple parts for storage. Because it uses linked parameters and calculation methods, designers can easily navigate through a large number of “what-if” scenarios, making it ideal for complex sports building designs. Digtial Project (DP), as the world’s most advanced parametric software, is based on the Dassault Systèmes software developed by Gehry Technologies. (Dassault Systemes) developed CATlA. Dassault’s CATlA software is well suited to the design and construction of curves and profiles, and the DP based on CATIA has the advantage of being suitable for large public buildings. DP also features the ability to combine complex curved forms with 3D printing for the fabrication of curtain wall panels. The Vectorworks product line, produced by Nemetschek Vectorworks, is the tool of choice for designers in Europe, America, Japan and other industrialized countries, offering many Streamlined but powerful tool modules for industrial design of buildings and products, with specialized performance in architectural design, landscape design, stage and lighting design, mechanical design and rendering, etc., but currently not as widely used in the construction industry as the above-mentioned companies.
BIM technology and sports architectural design
Parametric Design – The Basis of BIM Design in Yukon Architecture
Before the concept of BIM was as widely known as it is today, parametrization was used as a technical tool to improve design efficiency, to achieve controllability of complex shaped buildings, and to produce modulo-segmented surfaces. The design of stadium exteriors and building skins is mainly done using parametric tools. By establishing the building information model, the building structure can be analyzed in virtual time to achieve the most reasonable structural form and to determine the number and size of materials for the sports building skin. Parameterization changes the design method of traditional sports buildings, and also improves the accuracy of their architectural design and shortens the design cycle.
BIM and sports building intelligence
The development of sports buildings into intelligent buildings needs to rely on BIM technology in order to be realized. It is generally accepted that “intelligence” refers to an individual’s ability to analyze, judge, and act purposefully and effectively with respect to the environment. Intelligent rational analysis of objects means that in the early stages of building design, parametric models are analyzed to develop rational building forms and spatial forms that meet the standards of sports architecture design. BIM technology produces a new approach to design that departs from the traditional morphological design of sports buildings and changes the way data analysis relies on sensory design to establish a set of rational criteria for the overall analysis of sports buildings.
Case studies
Avia Stadium Design – Parametric Design in BIM Technology
Built in 2010, the Avia Stadium, with a capacity of 50,000 people, was the first stadium to be completed entirely by parametric design, by PopulOUS (formerly HOK Sport), a company specialized in sports architecture. The entire design wanted to become a local icon, while at the same time the building itself had to blend in with its surroundings. Therefore, a free curvilinear form was adopted, and Bentley’s Generative Components (GC) software was used to design the building, using a multi-solution comparison method to achieve a form that would be the least obtrusive to its surroundings. In addition, a transparent material skin was used to gain more sunlight, allowing the building itself to blend better with its surroundings. The design attempts to form the roof structure and the building facade into a complete form, which is wrapped around the main structure, breaking the traditional design method of separating the roof structure from the facade of a sports stadium.
The entire design solution was created by first creating a 3D model in Rhino, using the 3D model to quickly build the form and obtain the most appropriate plan form. Once the form is approved, a basic model is built in Generative Components (GC), and the data from Rhino is used to generate a script for the GC, from which a new model is generated. The model generated in GC is highly modifiable and is optimized by structural engineers, who import structural design data into the model. In this way, in the same model, the architect is responsible for the design of the skin and building form, while the structural engineer adjusts the size and position of the structural elements on the model. The structural engineer makes adjustments to the dimensions and positions of the structural elements in the model. The structural engineer simply enters the adjusted data and the model used by the architect is updated. At the same time, the curtain wall consultants and the architects study the unified building model, analyze the actual construction of the curtain wall panel dimensions, and use the structural centerline of the original model as the basis for a more detailed model of the curtain wall nodes in SolidWork, and then optimize the design of the curtain wall again.
It is through the analysis of the parametric model, calculated that the minimum thickness of the stadium curtain wall is not designed to choose 8mm thick polycarbonate plate, but can use 3mm thick polycarbonate plate instead, so that the mass of the overall roof material can be reduced from 200t to 80t, so that the cost of materials cost reduced to about 60% of the original cost. Through the application of parametric design and BIM technology, the Avia Stadium project ended up saving approximately $3.5 million in labor and material costs. In addition, by creating a BIM model, an energy analysis of the Avia Stadium could be conducted, thus achieving the design goal of saving energy and building an environmentally friendly stadium. For foreign firms that have a clear division of labor, the parametric information model can better facilitate cross-company cooperation, which is one reason why BIM technology accelerates design and coordination cooperation.
In the whole design process of the model, the architect plays the role of leading the whole design process. The completed building information model not only has all the information of the whole building, but also can be modified in this information model during the construction phase for the processing and positioning of the building façade plates, which greatly saves the labor and material costs of on-site processing.
Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Main Stadium – BIM technology from scheme to construction application
The main stadium of the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center is located on the south side of the confluence of the Qiantang River and the Qijia River, with a planned construction area of 229,000 m2 and 80,000 fixed seats (Figure 4).
The skin design of this building is based on a series of standard modulo steel structure grid, so the outer skin design needs parametric technical means to achieve design coordination and complex geometry of the drawings.
At the conceptual design stage, parametric modeling is utilized in order to define the spatial geometric relationships of the building skin and to study the diversity of forms and to analyze the rationality of the structural relationships of these forms. In the drawing phase, the BIM platform facilitates more efficient communication and collaboration, which makes the design process more fluid, and the BIM technology is suitable for parametric forms, which also require BIM to implement complex geometrical forms in a more economical and rational way, increasing the diversity of building forms. Rhinoceros 3D and Grasshopper were used as the main form design tools at the beginning of the schematic design process. The diversity of forms was analysed after the model was built in Rhino and then transferred to the structural analysis software. With Kangaroo structural analysis software. The structural forms are analyzed and the building forms are optimized, the 3D model is created in Rhinoceros for the architectural and structural analysis, and finally the drawings are 2D by transferring the Rhinoceros model into Revit (Figure 5).
Meanwhile, compared with the traditional design method, the curtain wall can only be divided roughly in the design of the curtain wall because of the curved surface of the whole building, which makes it difficult to calculate the exact size and quantity of the curtain wall. At the construction drawing stage, the 3D model is brought into Revit with the help of the original model to further establish the building information model, the internal building function model of the stadium, the structural network frame model, and the electromechanical equipment pipeline model. In addition, the stadium project design has higher requirements on fire prevention, evacuation, sound, temperature, etc., which need to be analyzed and tested in IES to get a more energy-efficient building.
In the traditional two-dimensional drawing design, the drawings of each specialty need to be summarized and reviewed by the chief engineer to find and solve coordination problems, so there are inevitably many human problems. By using BIM technology to simulate the entire construction process, the project team is given direct instructions and guidance on construction, which has changed the traditional planar approach to a 4D (3D + time and latitude) visualization approach.
Singapore Sports Centre – Stadium built under BIM standard
The Singapore Sports Hub project is a green, eco-friendly and energy-efficient sports centre designed specifically for the tropics using BIM technology (Figure 6).
Singapore Sports Hub is positioned as an international competition venue and a large commercial and entertainment centre with a capacity of 55,000 people, and is required to meet the 365-day, 365-day, 365-day operating concept. The project is conceived as a unified platform of stadium buildings, a multi-purpose stadium and an indoor swimming pool, and an aquatic centre. The project is expected to be completed in 2014. As the largest span of arched roofs to date, the reduction in weight allows for the realization of the building form, while saving steel is an indicator of whether the design of a stadium is sound. As Singapore has established BIM standards, the entire process from design to construction needs to comply with Singapore’s BIM design code. The entire project involves the coordination of multiple building elements and requires a complete construction management system (Figure 7).
However, the most complex part of the design is the open roof of the Sports Centre, which is the largest indoor sports venue in the world. The open roof is a complex design that also needs to take into account the technical issues arising from the lighting design of the roof and the movement of the roof.
BIM technology had the following advantages for this project: provision of construction models, professional coordination, automatic formation of accurate profiles, collision checking and virtual roaming. In addition, thanks to the building information model, it is easier and faster to obtain building performance analysis, thermal efficiency and analysis of the entire life cycle of the building. The Singapore Stadium is the largest stadium in the world designed and built using the Public Private Partnership (PPP) approach. Under the PPP model, the design-build component is designed and built by a private sector partner and the overall price of the design-build component is often fixed, subject to the specifications of the public sector partner. Arup used Dassault Systèmes CATIA and Gehry Technologies Digital Project and Microsoft Office 2007 for the design of the Singapore Sports Hub. CATIA 3D Model The ability to control the data in the model through Excel 2007 allows architects to quickly add structural feedback to existing building models, speeding up model revisions and providing quick feedback to other design professionals. Another benefit of using this software is that large design firms, such as Arup, that may design the same type of building over and over again can create a design library that can be used to determine basic information such as building site and seating when designing similar projects, greatly reducing design time and improving design accuracy. Another advantage of using CATIA and Digital Project is the ability to identify curtain wall contractors at the design stage, allowing the curtain wall design to be involved earlier in the building design process, and at a later stage in the design process, the curtain wall company can use Arup’s BIM model of the curtain wall to improve the accuracy of the design, while also saving time and money on on-site fabrication. Labor Costs.
Case Summary
Through the above three cases of sports architecture design, it is found that, due to the pre-set requirements for the scale of the site and sightlines, a basic model of the site needs to be established at the early stage of scheme design based on defined factors. The basic concept is established by considering the environment, context and other human factors of the building to generate the conceptual model. For Chinese architects, BIM technology can improve the accuracy of their designs, reduce their coordination time with various professions, and ensure the reduction of human-induced errors. For structural engineers, BIM models contain a large amount of information that can help structural designers innovate structural forms, while providing a more accurate description of the amount of steel used in the building. For equipment engineers, the integrated design of pipelines can be carried out on the basis of the three-dimensional model, and the contradictions between various types of equipment and pipelines can be found more intuitively when designing, in order to avoid unnecessary waste. For others, it’s not just about the 2D drawings, but also about the 3D model to determine the details of the project. and related information to work together and reduce unnecessary time and economic waste in the coordination process. In addition, BIM technology helps to improve the accuracy of China’s design review system, due to the large amount of information in the drawings of sports construction projects, even experienced drawing reviewers are difficult to find some omissions in the design, the use of BIM model integrated collision check software can help reviewers to find problems.
Conclusion
The sports buildings of the future should be more intelligent and controllable. Architects should not only consider the form, function and problems in construction, but also the design of its later operation and the whole life cycle .
The application of BIM technology has expanded the architect’s overall role in the overall design. In the world of BIM, large comprehensive projects, especially sports buildings, will give birth to more novel structural forms in terms of physical structure design with the development of BIM technology. Through the use of BIM, designers can first complete it in the virtual world, so that we can predict what problems will arise after the completion of such a huge building, and what will be the air flow, lighting, wind direction and solar radiation after the completion of the building. In addition, with the accelerated development of globalization, there are more and more cooperative projects, and BIM technology is more suitable for multinational or cross-regional large integrated sports construction projects, and better designs can be designed through the integration of global resources.
